Spill the Truth

The biggest environmental news story of recent weeks has been the BP Deepwater Horizon oil rig disaster. Not only did 11 people die on April 20th from the explosion but an estimated 70,000 barrels of oil per day are leaking into the sea and threatening ecosystems in the Gulf and its coastline.

Spill the Truth is campaigning for a halt to drilling from the BP Atlantis rig until it is proven to be safe.

Here is a copy of an email that you can send from the Spill the Truth website to President Obama.
Dear President Obama,
BP has admitted that its Atlantis oil platform, currently operating in the Gulf of Mexico, could have a “catastrophic operator error” due to over 6,000 missing safety documents. The Minerals Management Service has failed to properly investigate despite multiple whistleblowers, Food & Water Watch, and members of Congress bringing this to their attention.
We can’t afford another tragedy in the Gulf. Please immediately shut down BP Atlantis until it can be proven safe.

Sincerely,
Your Name
Your Address
Please visit the Spill the Truth website to lend your support. Thank you.

Stop spending money you idiots!

Why do so many people have consumerism engrained so deeply inside them? Industrialisation and mass-marketing have only been around for 150 or so years. And yet, in this short period of human history far too many people have become used to saying, "I want that yesterday!" and reach into their pocket for the money to buy it. Instant gratification minus any rational thought.

I like to keep an eye on my web statistics for ecopunk, to see where people are coming from when they visit the site. One such instance today was from a forum discussing my article growing of potatoes in recycled containers or tyres. I clicked the link and read the forum posts.

Now, lots of people in the forum said, "Good idea" or "I must try that too". However, you can guarantee someone is going to say, "I saw something similar to that in a shop. A potato growing kit for £XX. I am going to buy it." Sure enough somebody said precisely that.

How can someone enter a conversation about growing potatoes cheaply and talk themselves into not growing potatoes cheaply? If you want a potato growing kit, it's called a supermarket. You spend the same amount of money as you would buying your stupid kit and you don't even have to grow the potatoes either, which should appeal to someone as lazy-arsed as yourself.

The "green dollar" annoys me. If there is a chance to make some money then you will find scam artists. These scammers love middle-class liberal idiots, far removed from nature, who get upset about little fluffy animals or global warming and think that shifting their money to "green alternatives" somehow alleviates their guilt.

"I can't be buying potatoes in supermarkets any more. I'm going to save the planet!"

The idiot now spends exactly the same (if not more) money on a load of plastic bags, compost and seed potatoes. Maybe a new trowel and a pair of gloves with a fluffy animal design on the backs of them too. They arse-up the potato growing and, a month later, buy a bag of organic King Edwards at the local supermarket.

Now, in my mind all middle-class liberals should be neutered or shot but if I have to be humane about this then please, think before you buy. If you buy a "potato growing kit" think of the new plastic that made those potato growing bags. Plastic comes from oil that nasty brown stuff floating in the sea, get it? Why not use a plastic tub recycled from the rubbish tip? Was the compost from a renewable source? Did you make it yourself? Did you buy those seed potatoes or are they a few tubers from last year or maybe you asked for a few on Freecyle.

Slow down and think before you make a decision. If you immediately reach for your pocket then you just made a bad decision.

Now it's peak rare earth metals

We all know about peak oil. That oil is a finite source (unless you are an abiotic oil believing whacko) and that we have either passed or are about to pass the peak production of economically attainable oil. Well, the earth is only so big so all of mother nature's bounty is going to be finite.

The rare earth metal neodymium is used in the manufacture of powerful magnets, used to make electric cars and wind turbines. The sort of products that are supposed to get us away from oil and send us happily into our Star Trek fantasy.

However, as with oil, rare earth metals are concentrated in a particular part of the world. The Arabs have most of the oil. China has most of the rare earth metals and wants to keep as much of the rare earth metals as it can to to insure its future.

Be it oil, rare earth metals, fish, farmland or any other resource, there is only so much to go around and everyday more and more humans are trying to get at it. Overpopulation!

BBC - Why China holds 'rare' cards in the race to go green

Wind powered knitting machine

A fascinating video of a wind powered knitting machine, right in the centre of London, churning out woollen scarves.

Makes you wonder what other things could be produced with wind power in our urban areas. Not to mention electricity, of course.

Cities need to be more self-reliant like this and not drag in resources from outside all the time. Maybe a few sheep on the roof tops, supplying the wool? (That was a joke for the hard of humour)

Curry sauce - an improved recipe

My usual curry sauce recipe is a little on the hot side, to say the least. People I cook for are often a little over powered by its taste or the lack thereof.

I have a cupboard full of spices and with a bit of experimentation I came up with this basic curry sauce, which can be eaten as is or made hotter with chile powder and garam masala.

Ingredients

Chopped onion
1/2 tsp each of cumin, turmeric, paprika, garama masala
1/3 tsp of chile powder
1/2 tin of tomato pasata

Process

Fry the onion until transparent.
Turn down the heat and add cumin and turmeric. Coating the onion.
Add pasata.
Add paprika.

You are done with the basic sauce.

To cook a vegetable masala

Add your vegetables to the sauce above.
Add chile and garam masala.
Add water to stop the sauce from drying up.

To cook a meat masala

Add meat after the onion is cooked.
Add chile and garam masala after the paprika stage.
Add water to stop the sauce from drying up.

Hotter dishes

You can add more chile powder and garam masala depending on your taste.

Also, you can add fresh chiles to the onion at the start.

Enjoy!

Dumpster diving (aka Skip diving)

Whilst living in Ireland I knew a retired couple who visited the supermarket once a week. I never once saw them inside the supermarket, they were always at the back, rummaging around the bins. Food they found that was past it's best before date was given to their animals. Anything that was only past the sell by date, they would consume themselves.

Dumpster diving is all about looking for free things amongst other people's rubbish. Divers are not just looking for a free meal. They are looking for old furniture that just needs a little repair. Electrical items such as DVD players and computer parts can also be found.

There are many places to do a spot of dumpster diving. Try the back of shops, offices, residential alley ways and building sites. My own preference is for residential alleyways. People like to dump things in alleys they can't get rid of in their rubbish or recycling bins. Wood off-cuts, flower pots, pipes, electrical wiring, you name it, I find it in alleys.

Make sure you are not breaking the law. A building site has lots of goodies on it but what you are taking may actually be used on the construction. Wooden pallets are often free to take. However, things like copper pipe or wire off-cuts may be given to a specialist recycler for a fee so do ask if you think the item is of value.

When I was a seller on eBay I went behind some shops and found all the cardboard I needed to package the items I was selling. That saved a lot of money that would have been used to buy Jiffy bags

Another place I like to visit is the local car breaking yard. Often there are bits of a car that a breaker can't be bothered to price and will let you have for nothing. Also, people use their old cars as rubbish bins. They load up the car with bits of junk and then send it to the breaker to get rid of both the car and the junk. I once found a USB/parallel printer cable on a car seat in a breaker's yard. The breaker had no idea what it was and let me have it for nothing!

Remember
  • Local laws - be familiar with them
  • Don't climb fences - If the gate is locked then so too is the dumpster, open or not
  • Food - discard if best-before date has passed - food after sell-by date is okay but be cautious
  • Dress for the occasion - you are going to get dirty
  • Be careful - people dump all kinds of things and some things might be dangerous
  • Make a note of which days fresh rubbish is thrown into a bin so you can get first option
For more free stuff, click here to visit my online dumpster

A larger off-grid system

You may now be recharging your gadget's battery cells with a simple solar charger but want to step up and power larger devices. A good way to start a larger system is take one room in your house off-grid.

Maybe you have a home office with a computer, a lamp and a few other things. Taking this room off-grid will give you an insight as to what you will need to take your whole house off-grid.

In the first photo, we see a simple set up with five 20 watt solar panels giving a total of 100 watts of power. This power is regulated with a charge regulator before charging a 180 Ah deep-cycle battery. The regulator assists battery longevity by ensuring batteries are neither overcharged nor overloaded when powering devices. Always make sure there is a charge regulator between your solar cells and deep-cycle batteries.

A charge regulator (second photo) is necessary to stop your deep-cycle battery from being overcharged, which will lead to damage and a short lifespan for the battery.

Also, there are contacts on the charge regulator for a dump circuit. When the battery is fully charged and the solar panels are still producing electricity the dump circuit takes the excess power. This dump circuit could power an immersion heater to provide free hot water.

Once the deep-cycle battery is charged you can then connect it to an inverter, which converts the 12V DC from the battery into 120V or 240V (depending on your region) AC for powering larger AC devices like your computer, table lamp, CD player etc. You will need an inverter that will provide enough power to cover the highest power requirement. For example, if you have two devices on taking 30 watts each and another taking 10 watts then you will need an inverter that can output at least 70 watts.

Check list
  • 100w solar panel
  • deep-cycle battery (from 100-200Ah capacity)
  • charge regulator
  • inverter with enough wattage output to cover your needs
  • cables to connect the system
Look after your battery

A deep-cycle battery can last for many years but only if looked after properly. Follow the manufacturers maintenance schedule to ensure longevity.

Also, note that a deep-cycle battery should never have more than 20% of its power taken from it. You can measure when a deep-cycle battery is near to losing 20% of its power by measuring its voltage with a multimeter.

On the following chart you can see that you want to avoid your battery from falling below 12.45V.

State of Charge 12 Volt battery
100% 12.7
90%12.5
80%12.42
70%12.32
60%12.20
50%12.06

In addition, you don't want to be continually taking a lot less than 20% of charge off the battery and then recharging to 100% all the time as this can also lead to battery damage. You need to ensure regular full cycles between 100% and 80% to optimise the longevity of the battery.

In the next post we will discuss increasing the size of your system to power all your needs. (to be published)

Click here for the previous part, The simplest off-grid system

The simplest off-grid system

The easiest way to start going off-grid is by taking your battery powered gadgets off-grid (those that you really need and haven't already downsized into oblivion!).

By charging batteries with the sun you will reduce the need for grid electricity to run battery chargers. You will then get an appreciation of the power available from the sun and also any limitations with solar charging.

In A simple battery charger we see how simple it can be to charge batteries with items that can either be found through Freecycling or bought cheaply from places like eBay.

Of course, not all your gadgets will run off AA or AAA type batteries. To charge something like a mobile phone you can either buy or make (the ecopunk thing to do) a "Minty Boost" style charger to carry in your pocket for when your mobile needs a top-up. Charge up the booster AA batteries with the sun and your mobile with the booster.

Of course, for larger electrical devices you will need more power and for that you will need larger batteries called deep cycle batteries that are charged (through a charge controller) with a larger array of solar panels.

In the next part, we discuss building a larger scale off-grid system.

Click here for the next part, A larger off-grid system

Click here for the previous part, Downsizing your electricity usage

Photovoltaic systems

The process of taking your home off-grid is never easy. Reasons for going off-grid include; not having a grid-supply in the first place, using so little electricity that you pay more in standing charges than for the units of electricity used or wanting electricity to be from an ethical source.

Most of us in the western world take electricity for granted and have electrical gadgets for almost everything we do. If you have a house full of electrical gadgets you are either going to have to use your gadgets less or get rid of many of them otherwise you will struggle to keep them all powered.

To go off-grid it is advisable to downsize your electricity requirement before building your off-grid system. If you do not downsize then you will end up wasting a lot of money attempting to produce enough power to replace your current usage. Some are willing to pay for a huge photovoltaic system but that is hardly the point of going off-grid.

Whilst living in Ireland, a German neighbour discussed the need for a photovoltaic system. He wanted to spend €10,000 on a system that would cover every need. The house was only his holiday home, visited for two weeks of the year. The system would still not have paid for itself when the owner's grandchildren (yet to be born) had passed away. The moral of the story being that you must be realistic.

We will now discuss downsizing your electricity usage.

Click here for the next part, Downsizing your electricity usage

Downsizing your electricity usage

To downsize your electricity usage you need to be able to pinpoint where you are wasting electricity and for that, you will need a power meter to determine your daily usage.

Plug the meter into the wall and then plug whichever device you want to measure power usage for, into the meter. The meter will give you an appreciation of how much power you are using.

Soon enough, you will be turning things off, replacing incandescent lights for CFL or LED alternatives and doing away with wasteful items.

By far the biggest user of electricity is the fridge. Think of downsizing it to the barest minimum. Stop using your fridge as a half-way house to the rubbish bin. Buy food just in time for cooking and don't buy food that you may never eat. Stop impulse buying just to fill the fridge. Much of your supermarket bill goes on the electricity your supermarket uses to run its fridges. Make the most of the supermarket's fridges.

Some people have converted chest freezers into ultra-efficient fridges. The reasoning being that when you open the door on the fridge, the cold air falls onto the floor. When you open the lid on a chest freezer, the air has nowhere to fall.

Okay, you have downsized your electricity usage by switching off the television and sound system at night rather than leaving them in stand-by mode. You have also thrown out the dishwasher, the clothes dryer, curling tongs and particle accelerator. What's next?

Well, the easiest way to start going off-grid is to solar charge the batteries in your gadgets (those that remain in your house), which we will discuss on the next page.

Click here for the next part, The simplest off-grid system

Click here for the previous part, Photovoltaic systems

Real food has curves

I have often said that I'm against eating too much processed food. For a start, the processing adds to the cost of manufacture. The marketing too. Finally, and most importantly, the preservatives, colourants and fillers are doing you no good at all.

For emergencies, a tin of something can help out. However, packets and tins have to be paid for in addition to the chemical cocktail inside. A good ecopunk always creates their own meals.

No, it is not cheaper to eat processed food or to eat out. Never has been. Never will be. You do have time to prepare a meal from its raw ingredients. I can produce a pasta as good as anything from an Italian restaurant in under 15 minutes. Television can always wait.

Real Food Has Curves is a website dedicated to teaching you how to get off processed food with lots of simple recipes.

WWOOF for free food and a roof over your head

No, I haven't gone barking mad. WWOOFing is a way of travelling the world, meeting new people and doing a little organic growing. In return, you get free accommodation and food.

Whilst living in Ireland, we met many WWOOFers. WWOOF stands for World-Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms (also known as Willing Workers On Organic Farms).

The WWOOFing organisation has a website advertising opportunities for people to travel the world in return for their labour.

The work is, as you would expect, manual and in all weathers. Those crops don't pick themselves! The work is also seasonal. Depending on the time of year, you might be doing other things like repairing walls, buildings and other duties not directly related to growing.

If you are a person with spare time or want to know if The Good Life is for you then WWOOFing may be for you.

Some links

WWOOF - The official wwoofing website (there is a yearly subscription fee)

Free WWOOF List - a not so official list

For more free stuff, click here

Free stuff

Magic words that we all like to hear. Especially during the current situation with financial cut backs. We have to do what we can to save a few pennies.

You might notice a new link on the link bar above. Clicking the "free stuff" link will take you to our list of freebies you can find on the Internet.

The page is by no means complete as we are still sorting through our bookmarks. Please check the link regularly for new items that we think may be of interest to you.

Click here for free stuff

Orange juice - make it cheaper to buy & last longer

There is nothing I like more than a glass of orange juice. For breakfast, lunch or any other time when I'm eating.

However, orange juice gets more expensive by the year. A crop failure can reduce supplies and send prices rocketing.

When I was a child I would often drink orange squash, a cocktail of chemicals with a bit of orange in there, somewhere. You added some water to the squash and there was your refreshment.

Sometimes, I wouldn't add enough water and the taste was overpowering. I added some more water and the taste was fine. On other occasions I added too much water and found myself drinking water with the slightest hint of something else.

My childhood bottle of squash would last for a month. Today, a litre of orange juice is lucky to last me a week. That had me thinking, if my childhood drink could be diluted to taste then why not do the same to orange juice and make it last longer too.

And that is exactly what I do, I add water to my orange juice to make it last longer. For me, 25% added water gives a satisfying refreshment. The carton of juice lasts 25% longer or, looking at it another way, my juice is 25% cheaper.

This process can be applied to many other foodstuffs that can be diluted by water.

Cheap communications

Having emigrated to Spain, communicating cheaply is a must. If you are not in the same country as the person you wish to communicate with then contacting that person can be very expensive. I need to contact people in the UK, Ireland and Spain and so some ecopunkery is required.

Gone are the days when we were limited to long distance communication via letters and telephone lines. As with many aspects of modern life, the Internet has made it easier to communicate cheaply with people.

email

The first email I sent was over the JANET (Joint Academic NETwork) in 1986. How many thousands of emails have I sent since? Many more than the letters I wrote as a child.

Email is my preferred method of communication. It costs nothing to send an email, particularly if you can get on the Internet for nothing, otherwise the cost is minimal.

However, there are times when you need to pin someone down and communicate directly. An email can be left unanswered. People change email addresses without informing others or they may neglect to read their email regularly.

Instant Messaging

An alternative means of communicating is through instant messaging (IM). There are many instant messenger applications. The most common is Microsoft's Live messenger. Google, Yahoo, Skype and Facebook all have instant messaging too. These IM applications offer you instantaneous communication for the price of your monthly Internet service.

And yet, people are not always beside a computer. Mobile phones have allowed people to be contacted when they are away from home or without access to a telephone line. However, mobile phones are very expensive to use. Calling from abroad or to mobile phones on different networks will certainly empty your pockets.

VoIP

VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol. In the same way you can send email over the Internet, your voice can be digitised and sent over the Internet too.

You will have heard of Skype, which is an application of VoIP over a proprietary network. Skype offers calls, video conferencing and instant messaging. If all parties involved in a communication are using Skype software then the communication is free. Calls from Skype to a mobile phone or land line will incur a charge though that charge is much lower than a regular call as Skype routes calls in bulk so there is the economy of scale.

ring2skype

Skype also allows you to have an Online Number. This is a number you chose from a city that is most convenient to you. For example, if most of the people you communicate with live in London then you would choose a London online number (beginning with 020). People with London telephone numbers can then call you on Skype (no matter where in the world you are ) for the price of a local call within London.

However, Skype charges you for an online number. The current UK price is £11.50 for three months. A free alternative is ring2Skype whereby you receive a number and an extension at no cost and can receive calls from anywhere in the world at no cost to you.

For example, if you are a student from London who has travelled abroad to study you can make use of ring2skype. You would get a London ring2skype number and extension. Friends and family can now make local rate calls to your number and extension. Ring2skype make money from the fact that for each number they give out there are 990 extensions on the single line. Again, like Skype, there is the economy of scale.

You are not limited to one number with ring2skype so I have a number & extension for Madrid too. I can now be contacted online by people in the UK and Spain for the price of a local call.

The future

I am looking at getting a Skypephone and/or a WiFi phone. A Skypephone will permit me to communicate with other Skype users for free over a 3G mobile network.

A WiFi phone would allow me to make VoIP calls over SIP (to be discussed in future posts) through WiFi routers (rather than a 3G mobile network) to other SIP enabled phones and software phones.

In the future, all phones will be WiFi enabled and either free or very nearly free to use. They will sit in charging pods in your house and act as your house phone. When you go out, you will take the phone with you and it will become your mobile phone. As you roam around, you will be handed from WiFi hotspot to the next, always contactable. What a nightmare!

Coupon scam

"There is no such thing as a free lunch." And that is true when it comes to coupons.

How generous of those supermarkets to give us free stuff. Yes, if it were true. If like the ecopunk your aim is to pare spending to the minimum then coupons would appear to be ideal. You buy whatever is mentioned on the coupon for the discount being offered. What could be simpler?

But why don't supermarkets just put a sticker on the shelf, where the product is being sold, with "10% off" written on it? Is it to make the coupon seem special somehow, like a bank note?

Of course, you don't know there is a discount until it pops through your letterbox, imploring you to get down to the supermarket straight away for that bargain of a lifetime. You wouldn't know there was a "10% off" sticker on a shelf if you have no intention of going to the supermarket that week.

And have you noticed which products the coupons advertise? Usually, the coupons are for the more expensive brands. You would save more if you buy the supermarket's own cheaper brand without a coupon. Generally, if a supermarket can't shift it then they coupon it. Coupons are a way of advertising things that nobody really wants.

More often than not the coupons are for processed food items that you could make yourself for a fraction of the cost. Other discounted items might be consumables to get you into the habit of buying them, even though you could do without them. Anyone for car windscreen wet wipes? Of course, they are supposed to be more expensive than ordinary wet wipes, hey are for your car dummy! And they are certainly a lot more expensive than spitting on an old rag!

Coupons are just another supermarket weapon in the arsenal of weapons of mass destruction of your wealth. You can always buy cheaper products with cash than more expensive items with coupons.

Is trading in your car the green thing to do?

My car (pictured) is not the most energy efficient although I made alterations to give it an extra 7 mpg. The car is a 1997 4x4 jeep, there are four seats, the rear ones fold down and leave a nice big carrying space. It's not a monster, it only has a 1.1 litre engine.

We are told to cash in our old cars for newer "greener" cars. We are given financial incentives to do so but what is the real reason for us to replace our cars? To save the nation's fuel, to reduce our carbon footprint or just to keep our car industry alive and fat cat businessmen in bonuses?

I have seen people in Toyota Prius hybrid cars driving as though they were on a racetrack. The hybrid badge on the back of a Prius is not a magic talisman that allows you to continue driving in a wasteful manner. In fact, you have to be more careful when driving a Prius to optimise between combustion engine and electric motor usage.

Whenever I am on a motorway I eco-drive in the slow lane with the lorries. My owner's manual says the engine puts out maximum torque at about 60mph and so that is the speed I travel at. The Prius drivers are all in the fast lane, doing 90mph plus. If I travelled faster then yes I would get to my destination more quickly but I would have used more fuel. I simply start my journey earlier, get to my destination on time and use less fuel.

To further decrease my fuel usage, I removed the viscous fan that cools my radiator and replaced it with an electric fan. A viscous fan runs off friction from a flywheel attached to the engine, which gives the engine more work to do and lowers the engine's fuel efficiency. The electric fan runs off the battery and is not a burden to the engine.

The other change I made was to replace the air filter with a K&N reusable filter. The filter has better air throughput, which aids fuel efficiency and will last a lifetime with washing every 100,000 miles. By making these two changes I increased my car's fuel efficiency from 30 to 37 mpg.

If I traded in my car then I would have to get a new car. However, new cars have to be developed, tested and approved for road use. New machines have to be tooled for the manufacture of the new cars. About 25% of the carbon output from a range of cars is from their development and manufacture. That means I will be keeping my car, driving it sensibly until it finally falls apart.

Wise Bread - 7 Ways My Clunker Is Smarter than a Hybrid

A walk in the green is good for you

When I lived in London the thing that really got me down was the lack of greenery. Whenever I left London by train or plane, my face was pressed up against the window soaking in the green view. Instantly, I felt reinvigorated.

A study in the Environmental Science and Technology journal shows improvements in mood and self-esteem when activities are performed in the countryside and/or on water.

And now, it's time for my daily walk into the local greenery surrounding this village before it turns brown with the onset of summer.

BBC - 'Green' exercise quickly 'boosts mental health'

Eating locally

No, I don't mean nipping down to your local McDonalds for a burger. I refer to the sourcing of raw ingredients from as close to your home as possible (if not already growing them yourself) and preparing meals for yourself.

Producing your own meals is far cheaper than eating out. When the credit crunch began, the oddest thing I heard reported was that people would eat takeaway food more often as it would be cheaper. Sorry but a visit to a takeaway would cost as much as £10, buy a meal for one that would still leave you hungry after consuming it. The same £10 could buy enough food from a supermarket to feed you for a week or more

By sourcing your food from as close to your home as possible, you are cutting down on fuel wasted transporting food around the globe. There is the argument that some countries can produce food so cheaply that even factoring in transportation costs their food is still cheaper when shipped across the globe. However, do you really want to eat food that wastes fuel and drives the price of oil up or may have been grown by exploited labour to keep costs low?

Today, I came back from the supermarket with a bag load of fruit, vegetables and juice for less than €5. As I mentioned, in a previous post, Spain is not just sun soaked beaches. Spain has many diverse climates, which permit it to grow almost anything you could want to eat.

Eating locally in Spain is very easy. Today's breakfast consisted of apples and orange juice. The apples came from the Catalunya region of Spain and the orange juice from Andalucia. When I lived in the UK my supermarket supplied apples came from New Zealand and juice from Florida, USA. And yet, the UK could provide a lot more for itself.

Buy local to cut down on transportation costs. Buy raw ingredients to avoid processing and packaging costs. Stop looking at cookery programs that make you believe that cooking is difficult and takes an hour or more to prepare a meal. Cooking is easy and most meals don't take an hour to prepare so you are not going to miss any rubbish on the television though doing so won't do you any harm.

Scones

It's that time of year, when the sun is out and summer is approaching, that ecopunk switches from baking chocolate muffins to scones.

Ingredients

8 oz of flour (plus extra flour for kneading)
2 tsp of baking powder (not needed if using self-raising flour)
pinch of salt
1 oz sugar
2 oz of butter
5 fl oz milk

Process

Put flour, baking powder (if using it) and salt into a bowl and mix with a fork.
Cut butter into cubes, add to dry mix and rub the butter in.
Add sugar and mix with a fork.
Pour in milk and mix with a knife.
Sprinkle a extra flour onto the mixture and continue mixing to form a dough that can be lifted out of the bowl without it sticking to your hands.
When a dough is formed, remove it from the bowl and place it on your work surface that has been pre-sprinkled with flour.
Knead the dough (sprinkling more flour, if it sticks) until it starts to get a little springy.
Flatten the dough to about 1 to 1.5 inches in thickness and cut out scones with a 3-inch (or thereabouts) biscuit cutter.
Place scones on greased backing tray and brush a little milk on top of each scone to give it a glazing.
Put tray in a pre-heated oven at Gas Mark 7 (220C - 425F) for about 12 mins or until the scones go brown on top and then leave out to cool down.

The scones can be cut in half and your favourite jam spread over them. You can have some whipped cream too!

Click here for more recipes

Headphone repair

A day doesn't pass when an ecopunk isn't trying to save a little money here or there. Today's task is to repair a set of diy headphones.

During ecopunk's days of consumption, headphones were regularly bought, seen to fall apart and new pairs bought as replacements.

Not any more. An old pair of ear defenders, speakers from an old walkman headset, some wire, a 3.5mm stereo jack, the use of a soldering iron and a pair of noise-cancelling headphones, as good as any bought in a shop, is born.

These headphones are more rugged than shop bought ones. If a wire pulls loose then the wire is just soldered back in place. The headphones are easily repaired as there are no complex electronics or parts permanently encased in plastic that you have to destroy to attempt an unsuccessful repair.

I've been using diy headphones for about two years. A little tweak here and there. Wear and tear repairs every few months with bits of other electronics I pick up on Freecycle. Far cheaper than buying a new set of guaranteed to fail headphones costing anything up to £100 or more.

Vegetable curry

To be honest, this recipe is not that different from my chicken curry recipe. Just choose whichever five vegetables you have available, anything that isn't leafy.

In the example above, I am using half an onion, three tomatoes, two carrots, a sweet pepper and handful of green beans.

Chop and fry the onions and chuck in some sliced sweet pepper. When the onion goes transparent, in with chopped tomatoes, carrots and beans.

A heaped teaspoon of garam masala (or curry powder if you prefer it a little less hot) and half a teaspoon of chile powder (or none, if you prefer). Coat the ingredients with the spices.

Add a cup of water. Simmer. Add up to another cup of water, if the curry thickens too much and the carrots are not yet cooked. You want a runny curry for people to soak up with their rice. Oh, and you'll need to boil some rice.

This recipe is a good opportunity to use up vegetables lying around the kitchen. Anything will do, so long as it isn't leafy (that'll just make a mush) or have too strong a flavour. Cauliflower rather than broccoli. Celery will do. Peas. Any kind of beans. Potatoes are best cooked separately and added at the end so they don't fall apart.

Yes, that is a nasty electric hob. Everyone in Spain seems to cook with electric. They love their gadgets. My next rental will have a gas hob, one way or another, and a wood-fired grill outside.